Hello, friends welcome to the new post. In this post, we will have a detailed look at Introduction to PCB Design. There are numerous and different techniques are used to design PCB boards. The design of the board is the important and basic component of our project and any electronic device that we are using.
PCB has become the most important part of our life since it is the vital and important component of devices. Here we will discuss details about the creation of PCB design through making a circuit that will help to you to work in your project and after this tutorial, you will be able to make a design of your project by own. So let's get started Introduction to PCB Design.
• For understanding the design of PCB we will create a design of amplifier circuit. That is shown below.
• First of all we have to make a new project through Cadence Capture Cis and after that do updation for the complete diagram shown above.
• Here are the parts of the library used for this design are mentioned.
• The PCB is the practical component. So it used to the assembly of practical elements. But there is no simulation for devices such as power supply at the board.
• To make the connection of such component to the board there is need for connectors for practical joining. Where there is circuitry scheme is completed than there this specification of footprint for every portion.
• The schematic is printed that explains the joining of circuitry elements where we have to make connections of components and extra info like a number of pinouts, portion outline, and references of designers of creators.
• The design is saved in the Cadence Allergo with extencion. dra. This file indicates the pads. The pad indicates the soldering copper surface in circular, rectangle, etc and additionally drilling process for hole surfaced element.
• There is pads are saved in extra .pad extension but there is interlinking between the .dra and .pads files of schematic or footprint and pad respectively.
• The footprints used in the design of our circuit are mentioned here.
• The relation of footprint is very easy As you can seen in below figure their property display according to this tab press and write the title of footprint file that we needed for making a connection with the .dra extension at the PCB footprint property display.
• Do above process of all components used in our design through the above-mentioned table.
• If you facing any issue that here is something interesting that use CTRL A command to select all components after that click enter to open the properties display for all components at once.
• There is use of Allergo PCB designer filter at upper part for filter properties.
• After that press Pivot tab, we can make the configuration here and mentioned footprint title in easy method.
• That is a complete method to assure that is no left point.
• Then the structure is ready to use for PCB designing. Then sending the netlist to the PCB designer software that there is a need to process special.
• First of all open PCB editor from the start menu.
• After that choose Allergo PCB designer and press ok.
• The Cadence Allegro PCB designing platform will display.
• Then through main menu choose setup and user preferences.
• After that categories portion do expression for path files and choose a library.
• You required to do the setup for PCB editor through different paths to footprint library.
• Press at the value tab at the pad path.
• Press the cross tab for removing the paths and do addition for a related way for the pads files.
• Do again above mentioned procedure by writing tile psmpath that is used for the symbol folder.
• Then press the Ok tab for close the working window and off the PCB editor than we will start next process.
• Then move to the CIS procedure choose the project display and after that choose chief designing resource tuto-PCB with extension .dsn
• Assure that the project is stored and after that from the main menu choose tools than creating Netlist.
• Then open the Create option and left off others.
Clicking OK here launch a process that:
• Analyze the details of design.
• Do verification of the existence of number assign to pinout, name of every component at symbolic representation.
• Creation of new folder to save files of PCB design.
• Then initiate the PCB editor through schematic netlist.
• After that there will be a progress display will show that will show the completion or not completion sequential process.
• After crossing if all procedure is ok then log display will tell about it.
• If there is went wrong then do not move to ahead. Then view the log and find the error. After that resolve issue and initiate to make the netlist function till we get the fault.
• If there is nothing at log display then choose Allergo PCB designer and wait till the point Allergo PCB designer again shown.
• Now we can work at PCB.
• Assure that grid is on.
• After that choose Setup then designs parameters through the main menu.
• At the display button on the display plated and not plated holes.
• Through design, display vary the units MM. Then press at the Apply tab existing at the below of screen to do the application of units variation after doing next stage.
• Move to the Display screen and press the setup grids.
• Adjust the grid spacing at 1.27 millimeters at each place. Which spacing is 1.2 of 2.54 millimeters that is the standard value of pin spacing?
• Now we can cross the design parameters display by pressing ok. Now move again the main editor screen we can set the Zoom through mouse.
• Through the main menu tab move to Place than manually. the placement screen will open.
• Choose the Transistor denoted Q1 after that move the pointer outer side the placement display in the operating screen. We will observe Q1 transistor schematic connected with the pointer.
• Place transistor at any location. Note that transistor Q1 now seen below.
• Repeat mentioned above process for all components used in our design.
• Be aware from the Mirror tab. This option will place the component in opposite direction.
• All elements used in design should connect at the upper part of board.
• Through interactive option Cadence offers commands at the commands display and we observe the given condition at the status bar
• During connection of elements, we should ignore the Place option by pressing right of the mouse.
• Assure that tab is not functioning at status bad showing idle tab. Idle is a status we should see before going to initiate new screen.
• After placing of all elements of design will see final look like this.
• Here you can observe the starting structure is alike to the design shown. The blu colored lines interlinking symbolic representation is known as rats.
• This interlinking is not copper tracking but they are logics interlinking among elements of design.
• Now we do refine the process for placements to do this we use different colors for rats.
• Press at color tab after that choose the Nets display. Through the use of color palette vary net-zero rats color to dark color and change Vcc color to to yellow.
• rat color
• For refine, placement use the move tab. At this instant ignore the ground rat. Focus at the blue-colored rat and Vcc rat.
• Arrange elements very accurately.
• Before initiating the drawing copper tracking there is requirements of the tab constraint manager.
• a constraint is a group of physical rules used in Allergo to generates an alarming state when something is not according to design.
• Constraint are explained according to the features of PCB supplier.
• Do opening of constraint manager
• Press at the Physical portion and choose All Layers through the Physical Constraint set.
• After that set the line width about 0.6 millimeters.
• Very the all lines space about 0.2 millimeters through the spacing tab.
• Do this process for the same net spacing tab.
• Place the Add connect tab press at J1 top pad.
• The green color is the default option for tracking at the upper portion of the board.
• As you doing routing through-hole elements. Here we do the routing process at the lower portion move to the contextual tab through routing and vary the active layer to bottom option.
• Do usage of rats to link all elements. Here we can see routing complete.
• Observe that all elements has linked through the routing process at the lower portion of the board. Which is done through the basic circuitry of some elements.
• For complex circuitry, we required both sides of board to avoid larger length tracks.
• Here we do single face routing.
• Through the main menu choose display than status then press at the Update DRC tab the results shown are here.
• This display screen is very significant that tells about hat all components are linked but there is an indication that a single net with 4 linking has to routed again.
• We will press at the yellow button unrouted connections to reads info.
• Before opening the ground plane designing tab there is a need of defining the board outline.
• Press at the shape Adds rect tab after that focus at the Options right pane. Choose Board geometry and outline and assure that shape fill type is not filled.
• Now add rectangle encompasses about the routed section for this press click at 2 opposite side corners.
• The rectangle is used to explains the limits of the board/
• Press at the Shape Add rect tab and click at the options right pane. Choose Etch and Bottom as a class.
• It helps to make the shape of copper plane at the bottom area of board.
• Assure that shop fill type is dynamic copper and assure net zero to diagram
• After that press at the 2 opposite corners to sketch the ground plane rectangle.
• Congrats to us our PCB is finished and we can create it practically.
• The final look or design is here
