Brief Introduction

Smart garbage collection is one of the rising technology notable in today’s world. At one point or another, you have had to open the lid of the garbage can with your hand, thereby risking your exposure to germs. However, to curb the manual handling of the lid, there are manual systems in place where you step on a level to open the garbage can lid. What if I told you that there is a way to automate the system? This project automates garbage collection simply and effectively.

Components Used                            

1.    "J4"   PinHeader_1x03_P1.00mm_Vertical"; (Servo Motor Conn.)            

2.    "J1"   PinSocket_1x04_P1.00mm_Vertical"; (HC-SRO4 conn.)                         

3.    "J5"   PinHeader_1x02_P1.27mm_Vertical"; (Power)                                                     

4.    "C2, C6, C10"            C_0603_1608Metric (4.7uF)

5.    "C5, C4"       C_0402_1005Metric (22pF)              

6.    "C9, C7, C3, C1"      C_0201_0603Metric (0.1uF)

7.    "U3"               SOT-89-3_Handsoldering (uA7805)                        

8.    "R2, R1, R3"  R_0805_2012Metric (1K)

9.    "U1"   TQFP-32_7x7mm_P0.8mm (ATmega328P-A)                               

10. "Y1"   Oscillator_SMD_Fox_FT5H_5.0x3.2mm (16Mhz)             

11. "D3"   LED_0603_1608Metric (LED_TX)                          

12. "R6, R5, R4"  R_0402_1005Metric (330)

13. "SW1" SW_SPST_B3U-1000P-B (RESET)                         

14. "J3"                USB_Mini-B_Lumberg_2486_01_Horizontal (USB_ B_ Mini)                                

15. "J2"                PinSocket_2x03_P1.00mm_Vertical_SMD" (ICSP)                        

16. "D1"   D_SOD-123 (MBR0520)                              

17. "D1"   LED_0603_1608Metric (LED_POWER)                            

18. "D2"   LED_0603_1608Metric (LED_RX)                         

19. "U2"   SSOP-28_5.3x10.2mm_P0.65mm (FT232RL)

20.  HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor.

21. Servo Motor.

Circuit Diagram and How it Works

The system is made around an ATmega328p Arduino microcontroller, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic sensor, and a servo motor. It has an ICSP connection port to load the bootloader to the controller, and a Mini USB connector to load and customize the program controlling the system.

The Servo motor is coded as an actuator output to control the garbage can opening and closing. The system uses Arduino IDE to load the program and the bootloader. When the hand is close to the garbage can lid, the Ultrasonic sensor sends data to the controller, prompting the servo motor to open the lid.

The ultrasonic sensor calculates the distance of hand detection and depending on the code of the system, the controller gives instructions to the servo to move at a specific angle. A good mechanical mechanism should be used in the system with the servo to effectively open and close the garbage can lid.

The system has a 16Mhz external crystal oscillator, with two 22pF decoupling capacitors. It also has an FT232RL USB driver. There is also a 5V voltage regulator, AU7805.

PCB Layout

This PCB was designed using KiCAD EDA due to the high precision and accuracy needed in the system in preparation for the production process. This is a 2-layer PCB with the bottom copper as the ground plane and the top copper as the power plane with signals routing on the planes.

3D render

Below is a 3D render of the PCB;

The PCBway Sponsorship

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If you are interested in this sponsorship, feel free to share your information or idea through sponsor@pcbway.com if you are planning or have a related crowdfunding project. Our team will review your idea and get back to you. after our team approves your idea, a corresponding cash voucher will be deposited into your PCBWay account for production or PCB prototyping run.