Brief introduction
circuit board recycling equipment , also known as waste circuit board recycling equipment , mainly the dismantling and recycling of used appliances, computers and other types of waste with PCB waste electronic products. In order to extract the metal in order to achieve a metal recycling process . There are many types of waste circuit board recycling equipment on the market today , please be sure to purchase environmentally-friendly circuit board recycling equipment. In order to reduce environmental pollution . Circuit board recycling equipment is also an environmentally friendly equipment .
The entire process were used in all machines and methods of reducing the physical separation of the waste printed circuit boards by the Double Roll shears , efficient impact crusher , magnetic separator, grading sieve , drum electrostatic sorting machine, high efficiency centrifugal separator, in turn cutting , crushing, screening , sorting , and ultimately isolated metal -rich collective rich variety of collective and non-metallic components , to achieve a full recovery of valuable components of electronic waste board . Its features are : Step 1 : After removing the battery , explosive materials and other pretreated waste printed circuit boards into Double Roll shearing machine for squeezing so by Double Roll shears board extrusion and splitting formation of more uniform size pieces ; step 2: Cut small pieces of material initially obtained by the conveyor belt into the high- impact crusher , impact crusher in the efficient , through a certain speed of the hammer will be further broken pieces of material the metal and nonmetal from the full solution ; step 3: efficient impact crusher to get the material into the separator to separate the ferromagnetic material , the remaining material into the coarse , slightly coarse , fine grade and micro-fine particles composed of multi-layered overlapping sieve sieve grading layers and mesh sieve size can be adjusted accordingly based on the actual situation ; step four: after a multi- level screening out material were processed as follows : ( 1 ) the coarse material out of the multi- level screening and then into high- impact crusher machine for crushing , crushing out of the material and then re- fed into the multi- screening stage ; ( 2 ) the multi- level screening out slightly coarse ( including grading again slightly coarse ) material into the drum electrostatic separator to separate the two types of non-metallic materials and metal -rich collective ; ( 3 ) the multi- level screening out the fine fraction ( including fine grading again grain size grain size ) electrostatic separator material into the drum machine sorting, separating two types of non-metallic materials and metal -rich collective ; ( 4 ) out of the multi- screening -level micro-fine particles ( including the re- classification of micro-fine particles ) material into efficient centrifugal separation machine, and injected water stir evenly dispersed through the tube into the high efficiency centrifugal ore sorting machine , micro fine grade material under strong centrifugal force field and backlash role of water , metal -rich collective Shen set at a cylinder wall , and the collective -rich non-metallic tube with the water discharge , the final product obtained after filtration , the water can be recycled.
Circuit board recycling equipment and technology
Technological advances , more and more e-waste , eliminate waste on board , scrap, in Zhengzhou have more than 3000 tons per year or more. Circuit board contains many rare metals such as: copper, gold, silver, lead, tin and so on. Non-metallic epoxy resin , a phenol resin , a curing agent, glass fiber and the like .
The equipment is to use physical and chemical methods to metal and nonmetal separated. Since the circuit board in the lead , tin content of not less recovery value , temporarily recovered , gold is separated from the circuit board with a chemical method , the circuit board is the highest copper metal content , the content after several market survey , experimental content . plenty of other epoxy resins , phenolic resins, glass fibers can be re- processed into floor tiles , decorative materials , insulation materials, furniture, etc. in more than 17 %.
Major equipment includes : crusher, mill, separator , classifier, analyzers , system board , mixer, copper stove , air pressure conveyor, hopper, feeder, dust , separators, centrifuges, closed wind , a material storage room.
Circuit board recycling equipment parameters
Model specifications: SX-250 type SX-700 type
Feed size : 5-8mm 5-8mm
Fineness: 8-1250 mesh 8-2000 mesh
Production ( refer to hard materials ) : 500-1000 ( kg / hr ) 600-2500 ( kg / h )
Spindle speed: 2900 r / min 2900 r / min
Host Power : 36.5 kilowatts 59.5 kilowatts
Adapt Hardness ( Mohs ) : 6.5 or less 6.5 or less
Weight: 1350 kg 3500 kg
Circuit board recycling equipment advantages
1 . The use of advanced mechanical crushing, high-voltage electrostatic separation process. Crushed , after dissociation , sorting metal and non-metallic materials , and high purity ;
2. The key technology is the variety of waste circuit boards dedicated crushing equipment dissociation of organic combine to achieve greater energy efficiency in the production process , and achieve a high rate of metal separation ;
3. processing unit energy consumption per ton of waste circuit board only about the domestic like product 1 / 2 ; . Single set of processing equipment per hour up to a Dayton above ;
4. Its price is only 1/5-1/3 of similar equipment at home and abroad , and 3% higher than similar copper recoveries manufacturer - 5%.
5. good overall performance, computer boards, computer boards, TV circuit boards and other control panel has a unique effect . PCB -containing capacitors of various parts of the same blending of recovery .
6. The production line is the wind product selection upgraded product , reducing power consumption than the wind selection , and no noise, less automated processes, improve efficiency , while a smaller footprint , is to waste circuit board recycling currently the best production line ;
7. Less labor, no pollution, no noise , facility flexibility .
The main function of the circuit board recycling
1 , vias : for connecting components between the layers of metal pin hole .
2, the mounting holes : for fixing the circuit board.
3 , the wire : copper films for electrical network connection components pin.
4 , connectors : for connection between the circuit board components.
5 , Fill: copper ground wire for network , can effectively reduce the impedance.
6 , the electrical boundary : used to determine the size of the board , all the components on the circuit board can not exceed the boundaries. Circuit board recycling names are : PCB , PCB board , aluminum plate , high frequency board , PCB, PCB slim , ultra-thin circuit boards, printed ( copper etching technique ) circuit boards. The circuit board mini , visualization , and optimization for the production of electrical appliances fixed circuit layout plays an important role .
Waste circuit board recycling resources contained
PCB metal grade equivalent to an ordinary metal grade mineral dozens to hundreds , metal content up
40% , most of the copper , in addition to gold, aluminum , nickel, lead, silicon metal, and the metal content in nature but also Bonanza 3 to 5% . Statistical data show that the circuit board scrap gold per tonne to around 1000 grams . Now, with the level of technology to improve and reduce the cost per ton of waste circuit boards can still be extracted from about 300 grams of gold , the market price of about $ 3 million. printed circuit boards can be landfilled waste or for building materials.
Waste circuit board recycling technology
In the long term , PCB plating waste liquid investments in the utilization, can save money and reduce costs. PCB plating using a variety of chemical products. These liquid waste generated by the utilization of chemical products processing are useful materials for chemical production , and once discharged from the production process has become the most harmful substances. PCB plating waste utilization is not only to reduce the losses caused by the discharge from sewage treatment to prevent pollution and reduce the cost point of view is very meaningful .
A, silver recovery
Silver is one of the precious metals, silver waste recycling methods are as follows :
( 1 ) the waste with 20 % sodium hydroxide to adjust the PH value of between 8-9 , then add sodium sulfide solution , so that generate silver sulfide precipitate ;
2Ag + + Na2S == Ag2S ↓ +2 Na + ↓
( 2 ) the silver sulfide precipitate was washed with water until no residual THF far, the filtered water, the silver sulfide in the crucible , and heated to 800-900 ℃ desulfurization , then cool .
( 3 ) 100 parts silver slag ( by weight ) , 10 parts plus borax, sodium chloride and then mix with five burning crucible to crude silver.
( 4 ) with nitric acid to dissolve the crude silver , making silver nitrate solution , and then the active carbon filter .
( 5 ) and the filtrate was concentrated to the precipitation of silver nitrate crystals , transfer by suction filtration to precipitate all the silver nitrate crystals dry . Finally, the release of silver nitrate crystals after drying in a dryer can be used. If the purity of the silver nitrate is not high , can be repeated to improve the purity of crystals .
B, the recovery of palladium
Palladium is also one of the precious metals , palladium waste recycling methods are as follows :
After the palladium-containing waste water , concentrated aqueous ammonia , the ammonia palladium after being completely chromium, and concentrated hydrochloric acid to produce a salt of palladium dichloride amino precipitation, filtration and washing , can be sold as a chemical feedstock .
C, the recovery of nickel
In the nickel-containing waste sulfuric acid is added to adjust the PH value of 2-3 , filtering off insoluble impurities. Then concentrated by heating at 30 ℃ less crystalline than 48 hours. To obtain a crude nickel sulfate . The filtrate was recycled. After recrystallization of crude nickel sulfate , in addition to impurities. Finally, adjust the PH value 2-3 chemically pure sulfuric acid. With titanium evaporation pan evaporation solution to 50-52Be °. Below 30 ℃ indoor natural crystalline dust after 48 hours , that was refined nickel sulfate . Plastic drain basket refined crystalline nickel sulfate was placed inside the hole with pitting . Drain and clean the ventilation at 5-10 days , you can test packaging .
D, the recovery of copper
( 1 ) recovering copper from a copper -free chelate waste.
Adding an excess of iron in copper waste control solution temperature 30-50 ℃, the reaction is about 1 hour until the reaction is complete , remove the iron , the copper filter replacement , cleaning , and drying to obtain a metal powder, purity more than 99 %.
( 2 ) recovery of copper from copper waste containing chelating agent .
Copper-containing waste liquid to adjust the PH value of 11 or more , to add more than the amount of copper ions , calcium hydroxide , while stirring the solution , to generate hydroxide precipitate was filtered and washed precipitate . The amount of sulfuric acid was added to the precipitate and then evaporation and crystallization . Remove the crystals and drying to obtain copper sulfate crystals.
F, gold recovery
Gold is the most chemically stable metal , it has a good decorative , corrosion resistance , less wear resistance, high temperature oxidation discoloration resistance and capacity , but also has a small contact resistance and excellent solderability . Because it yields very little , so the use of it , at least to consider how to maximize the amount of its nature .
Recovery process
( A ) ( 1 ) the waste is heated to gold 80-90 ℃, was added slowly under constant stirring the solution of ferrous chloride , the reaction is as follows ; Au3 + +3 Fe2 + == 3Fe3 + + Au ↓
As gold ions are restored , the color of the solution gradually changed from yellow to red mechanized , gold sink to the bottom . Continue adding an excess of a solution of ferrous oxide , allowed to stand for several hours . Take still stratified liquid drops , two drops of 1% potassium ferricyanide , now blue , indicating that gold has been completely restored. Tossed away the upper clear liquid , vacuum filtration method , the lower the precipitation of khaki powder .
( 2 ) pickling, washing : 1:2.5 hydrochloric acid solution was added powder boiled and stirred for 5 minutes , the solution was poured to the upper part , so repeated 3-5 times , to not exhibit yellow. Powder was washed several times with distilled water , to wash out the water until the pH value of about 7
( 3 ) Drying : After washing powder placed in the drying oven drying, golden orange sponge granular slag .
( 4 ) melting cast : the powder placed in a quartz crucible and heated at a high temperature tube furnace to about 1200 ℃, the melt is injected into a graphite mold casting ingots . If the powder is not blunt , when melted borax can be added , but not with a quartz crucible can be set powder graphite crucible cast .
( B ) Under good ventilation conditions , the scrap gold plating solution injection porcelain dish, heat evaporated to a viscous , with five times distilled water , stirring constantly acidified with hydrochloric acid was added ferrous sulfate , until no longer precipitated up . Gold powder is black precipitate at the bottom of a porcelain dish . The precipitate was first boil with hydrochloric acid and with nitric acid , and then washing and drying . If better baking 30 minutes at 700-800 ℃ .
(C ) under good ventilation conditions using hydrochloric scrap gold plating solution PH = 1 or so. The solution was heated to 70-80 ℃ zinc powder was added under constant stirring until the solution became clear yellow-white powder was precipitated with a large number of so far. In this process , the left and right holding PH = 1 . After the treatment with ( two ) different.
( D ) the failure of stripping gold plating , gold plating should make unqualified plated possible only when performed in irreparable stripping . PCB failed cyanide gold plating available 50-60g / l solution of alkaline stripping back the gold . This liquid gold stripping back fast and not hurt nickel substrate , dissolved gold content of up to 25g / l, 30-50 ℃ operating temperature after the nickel back after plating gold may continue through the gilded .
Circuit board recycling industry, national policies and regulations
《Waste electrical and electronic products recycling regulations》
Chapter I General
Article 1 for the purpose of regulating the recycling of waste electric and electronic products, promote the development of comprehensive utilization of resources and recycling economy, protect the environment, safeguard human health, according to the law of the People's Republic of China cleaner production promotion law "and the law of the People's Republic of China on the prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste of the relevant provisions of these regulations are formulated.
Referred to in article 2 these regulations of waste electric and electronic products processing activities, refers to the waste electric and electronic products disassembly, extract material as raw material and fuel, with the change of waste electric and electronic products physical and chemical characteristics of the method to reduce the amount of waste electric and electronic products have been produced, reduce or eliminate the harmful ingredients, and eventually it in a landfill site activities conform to the requirements of the environmental protection, not including product repair, renovation and reuse after repair, renovation as junk.
Article 3 the listed in 《the catalog of waste electric and electronic products processing》 (hereinafter referred to as the 《directory》) the recycling of waste electric and electronic products and related activities, these regulations shall apply.
Resource utilization of environmental protection department of the State Council in conjunction with the competent authorities , such as the development of information industry and industrial adjustment 《directory 》, after the approval of the State Council.
Article environmental protection department of the State Council in conjunction with the comprehensive utilization of resources , industry information industry department is responsible for organizing the preparation of waste electrical and electronic products recycling policy measures and coordinated implementation of and is responsible for the supervision and management of waste electrical and electronic products processing . Commerce department of the State Council in charge of waste electrical and electronic product recycling management. State Department of finance, industry and commerce, quality supervision , taxation , customs and other relevant authorities responsible for the management within their respective responsibilities .
Article 5 the state of waste electric and electronic products shall practise a system of multi-channel recovery and centralized processing.
Article 6 the state implements qualification licensing system for waste electrical electronic products processing. Districts municipal people's governments for examination and approval of the competent department of environmental protection of waste electric and electronic products processing enterprises (hereinafter referred to as enterprises).
Article 7 the state shall establish a fund waste electric and electronic products processing, used for recovering waste electric and electronic products processing fee subsidy. Electric and electronic products manufacturers, electric and electronic products to be imported consignee or its agent shall, in accordance with the provisions of the waste electrical electronic products processing of fund pay duty.
Waste electrical electronic products processing funds shall be incorporated in the budget management, the collection, use and management of specific measures by the financial department under the state council together with the environmental protection, comprehensive utilization of resources, industrial information industry department in charge of formulation, implementation after the approval of the state council.
Waste electrical electronic products processing of fund collection standards and subsidy standard, shall be fully listen to the electric and electronic products manufacturing enterprises, processing enterprises, relevant industry association and experts.
Article 8 the state encourages and supports scientific research on waste electrical electronic products processing, technology development and related technical standards of research and demonstration of new technologies, new processes, new equipment, promotion and application.
Article 9 shall be owned by the state banned the import of waste electric and electronic products, shall not be imported.
The second chapter related party liability
Article 10 the electric and electronic products manufacturers, electric and electronic products to be imported the consignee or its agent production and import of electric and electronic products shall conform to the stipulations of the state on the pollution control of electric and electronic products, by is advantageous to the comprehensive utilization of resources and the state council of the People's Republic of China.
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