Introduction

433MHz radio frequency transmitter modules are widely used in various wireless applications and devices. The bulk of RF transmitter and receiver modules have a typical coverage reach of less than fifty metres. Depending on the RF module’s brand and the antenna type, this RF Range Extension circuit can increase the operational range to nearly twice the conventional range.

Components

• Two semiconductors (T1 – C2570 transistor and T2 – 2N5109 transistor),
• ¼ watt and ±5% carbon resistors (R1 – 100 Kilo ohm, R2 – 10 Kilo ohm),
• Capacitors (C1 and C3 4.7Pf ceramic disks, C2 and C4 1nf ceramic disks, C5 10uF 16V electrolytic)
• 10pf variable trimmer VC1,
• 18pf variable trimmer VC2,
• CON1-CON3 2-pin female Berg connectors
• L1 2 3 with 5V DC regulated power supply and single-strand wire antenna (30cm) or a dipole antenna)

Connectivity and How It Works

Transistors T1 (C2570) and T2 (2N5109) and a few other parts are used to build the 433MHz amplifier. An easy way to connect the antenna of the RF transmitter module is through connector CON1. CON3 is used to link the dipole antenna, and CON2 is utilised to connect a 5V DC power source. The T1 and T2 transistors in this ultra-high-frequency (UHF) amplifier are set up as class A amplifiers. It is advised to use a dipole antenna (DP) and a top-notch coaxial cable to get the best range.

The transistor T1 is a C2570 made by NEC, while the transistor T2 is a 2N5109 UHF medium-power transistor that comes in a metal package. Philips trimmers with a 22p capacitance are easily accessible and can be used with the VC1 and VC2 adjustable trimmer capacitors. Three turns of 24 SWG wire coiled around a 4mm air core can be used to create the inductor L1. Two turns of 24 SWG wire can be wound over a 4mm air core to create Coil L2. One spin of 24 SWG wire over a 4mm air core is required for coil L3. It's crucial to utilise copper wire that meets SWG requirements.

Building and Examining

Once the circuit has been built on the printed circuit board (PCB), connect CON2 to 5 volts. Next, connect this amplifier's CON1 input to the 433MHz RF transmitter module output. Start the initial analysis by switching out the DP (dipole) antenna with a 30-centimeter-long single-strand wire antenna attached to CON3. Apply a signal pulse to the data input pin of the RF transmitter module next, and then check if the RF receiver module's data out pin is receiving the signal. To determine the operational range, gradually increase the distance between the transmitter and receiver units.

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