A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. PCB's can be single sided (one copper layer), double sided (two copper layers) or multi-layer. Conductor on different layers are connected with plated-through holes called vias. Advanced PCB's may contain components - capacitors, resistors or active devices - embedded in the substrate.
Quotation
According to the PCB design is different, the price will be for PCB material, PCB layers, the size of PCB, each time the number of production, production process, the smallest line width line distance, the smallest aperture and the number of holes, a special process requirements to decide. The current industry basically has the following several ways to calculate the price:
1, according to the size calculated price for small batch sample (applicable)
Chamber of commerce according to the different layers of PCB production, the price per square centimeter different process is given, the customer only need to change the size of the PCB to cm and then multiplied by the unit price per square centimeter can be concluded that to produce the PCB unit price. This way of calculation for ordinary process of PCB is very applicable, convenient producers also permit purchaser.
The following is an example:
A single panel factory pricing, for example, FR - 4 material, order for 10-20 square metre, the unit price is 0.04 yuan/square centimeter, at this moment if the purchaser of the PCB size is 10 * 10 cm, the number of production is 1000-2000, will just fit the criteria, the unit price is equal to 10 * 10 * 0.04 = $4 a piece.
2, by elaborating calculation cost price (for large quantities of applicable)
For PCB raw material is copper clad, the production of copper clad factory set the sales in the market, some fixed size common have 915 mm * 1220 mm (36 "x 48"); 940 mm * 1245 mm (37 49 "*"); 1020 mm * 1220 mm (40 "x 48"); 1067 mm * 1220 mm (42 "x 48"); 1042 mm * 1245 mm (41 "49"); 1093 mm * 1245 mm (43 49 "*"); Chamber of commerce according to the circuit board to be production material, layer number, process, number of parameters to calculate the utilization of this batch of circuit board copper clad laminates, so as to calculate the cost of materials, for example, is in you to make a piece of 100 * 100 mm of the circuit board, in order to improve the plant production efficiency, he is likely to spell into 100 * 4 and 100 * 5 large plate to production.
3, PCB online meter
Because the price of PCB is affected by many factors, the ordinary purchaser to supplier process also do not understand, often in order to get a price need to spend a long time, waste a great deal of manpower material resources, also because you want to know the price of a PCB, personal contact information to the factory, with the subsequent constantly harassed. Now there are a lot of companies began on its web site to build a PCB valuation procedure, through some of the rules, let the customer free price calculation. For people who do not understand the PCB can easily calculate the price of the PCB.
4. PCB shop online steps
Pattern of traditional order as mentioned above, the customer by email quotation, contract, fax sign back confirmation, payment to the bank, the goods.
This traditional mode exist email offer response is slow, time-consuming to make contract, brought to payment is not convenient, low efficiency, customer can't know the production situation, miss can't found in time and so on.
In order to solve these problems, a group, company PCB sample factory invested heavily, successfully developed the PCB online ERP system, which can realize quotes online, offline order, online payment, online order query technology progress, print the contract online, online download statements, gives the PCB fully efficient paperless, also may at any time to master production process.
This design from order to receive the good PCB PCB requires the following steps.
1. The calculated price: fill in the order quantity, size, technical requirements, price calculation.
2. The online order: fill in the order quantity, size, process requirement, upload the PCB file.
3. The audit confirmed: PCB factory audit process, delivery, price, etc.
4. Online payment: if payment can produce PCB has been verified.
5. Progress queries: PCB production requires a lot of process, (such as cutting, drilling, heavy copper, line, plating, etching, resistance Welding, word, surface treatment, testing, molding, etc.) are time consuming, so when we can clearly see yourself after placing order in which process, is a good plan the next step of other work arrangement, when the factory single leakage or other problems caused by PCB production and timely follow up and adjustment.
6. Receiving evaluation: when to get the PCB can check process quality, quantity and customer service, etc., and give an objective evaluation, convenient reference for other customers, so that the service is good, good quality, fast delivery suppliers push for everyone, for the whole industry overall level of ascension.
Technical parameters
A, the diversity of PCB in different materials prices
Ordinary double panel as an example, the sheet generally have FR4 (born yi ji, built deep, countries, three kinds of price top-down), thickness varies from 0.2 mm to 3.0 mm, oz copper thickness from 0.5 to 3 oz is different, all of these on the sheet a creates a huge price difference; In terms of solder resist ink, common thermosetting oil and light green oil also there is a certain price difference.
B, the diversity of surface treatment process caused by different price
Common are: the OSP (antioxidant), tin with lead and lead-free tin (environmental protection), gold-plated, turmeric and some combination of technology and so on, the above process more back more expensive.
C, the PCB itself difficulty caused by the different price diversity
Both on the circuit board with 1000 holes, a piece of plate aperture is greater than 0.2 mm and another piece of board aperture can form different drilling cost is less than 0.2 mm; If two circuit boards other same, but the line width line spacing is different, a kind of not less than 4 mil, a less than 4 mil, also can lead to different production costs; Second don't go there are some common plate also charge process design, such as buried half hole, blind hole, hole plate, according to the carbon keypad seal oil.
D, copper foil thickness different price diversity
Common copper platinum thickness are: 18 um (1/2 oz), 35 um (1 oz), 70 um (2 oz), 105 um (3 oz), 140 um (4 oz), etc., more than the thickness of the copper foil more in the future more expensive.
E, The quality of the customer acceptance criteria
Commonly used are: IPC2, IPC3, enterprise standard, the standard and so on, the higher standard, the price will be higher.
F, mould cost and test frame:
(1) mould cost, sample and small batch plate factory is commonly used form of drilling and milling, won't charge other edge milling, when doing mass requires open mould plate, so it has a set of mould fees, board factory general offer up 1000 yuan.
(2) Please: sample usually use flying probe test, plate factory general please charge 100-400 yuan; Batch is about to start the test to test, test the general plate factory price in 1000-1500 yuan between.
G, price difference in different payment
To account the shorter the time pay way, such as cash, the price will be lower.
H, orders/delivery
(1) the quantity is less, the price is relatively more expensive, because even 1 PCS, plate factory also have to do the engineering data, the film, which process is involved
(2) the delivery data delivered to the PCB factory to complete (GERBER data, plate layer, sheet, plate thickness, surface treatment do, ink color, color characters and some special requirements to write clear).
PCB price is composed of the following factors
A, the diversity of PCB in different materials prices
In ordinary double panel, for example, sheet metal generally have FR - 4, CEM - 3, such as thickness ranging from 0.6 mm to 3.0 mm, thick copper from 2 Oz to 3 Oz is different, all of these on the sheet a creates a huge price difference; In terms of solder resist ink, common thermosetting oil and light green oil also there exists a certain price difference, thus the diversity of material price to the cause.
B, the PCB production process used by the diversity of the difference of the price
Different production process can lead to different cost. Such as gold-plated board with tin plate, making appearance of gong (milling) plate and bei (washed) plate, using screen printing line and dry film lines will form different cost, lead to the diversity of the price.
C, the PCB itself difficulty caused by the different price diversity
Even if the material is same, process is the same, but different PCB itself difficulty also can lead to different cost. If both on the circuit board with 1000 holes, a piece of plate aperture is greater than 0.6 mm and another piece of board aperture is less than 0.6 mm can form different drilling cost; If two circuit boards other same, but the line width line spacing is different, a kind of not less than 0.2 mm, a kind of less than 0.2 mm, also can lead to different cost of production, because the board scrap rate is higher, it is difficult inevitable cost increase, resulting in the diversity of the price.
D, different customer requirements can also cause the price different
The discretion of the customer's requirement will directly affect the yield of plate factory, as A kind of board according to the IPC - A - 600 - e, class1 requires 98 \ % percent of pass, but according to the requirements of class3 may only 90 \ % percent of pass, thus causing different cost plate factory, finally lead to the product price variable.
E, different prices caused by the diversity, PCB manufacturer
Even if the same product, but because of different process equipment, technical level, also can form different cost, nowadays a lot of manufacturers like gold plated board production, because the process is simple, low cost, but also a part of the factory production of gold plated board, scrapping the rise, cause cost increase, so they prefer to produce tin plate, so their tin plate quotation is lower than gold plated board instead.
F, price difference in different payment
Now generally PCB factory PCB price, adjusted by the different methods of payment by 5-10 \ \ % %, and also caused the price difference.
G, the diversity of regional difference price
At present domestic geographically speaking, from the south to the north, a trend of increasing prices, prices have certain differences, different regions of the diversity of different regions also caused the price.
How to calculate the PCB quotation
1. The plate charges (different plate fee is different)
2. The drilling cost (the number of holes and the aperture size affect the drilling cost)
3. Process cost (board of different technological requirements lead to process difficult, so the price will be different)
4. The artificial water and electricity and management fee (this fee depends on the cost control of the mills, the allied) taiwanese-owned factory is relatively low.
The basic composition, as for the price of raw materials, now basically stable, little probability of price increases.
In terms of plank, influence prices mainly include the following:
1. Material: FR - 4, CEM - 3, this is our common double-sided and multilayer board, he is also related to the thickness and plate thickness of copper, platinum, and FR - I, the CEM - 1 is our common sheet and plate material, and the price of this material is better than the double-sided, multilayer vary widely.
2. Is the thickness of the plate, the thickness of it we common is: 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4, 3.0, 3.4, and the thickness of our regular plate price is not much difference.
3. Is the thickness of the copper platinum will affect the price, the thickness of the copper platinum generally divided into: 18 oz (2/1), 35 (1 oz) and 70 (2 oz), 105 (3 oz), 140 (4 oz), etc.
4. The suppliers of raw materials, common and common to have: raw profit \ built tao \ international and so on.
Process cost:
1. To see whether the PCB circuit, such as fine line close (under 4/4 mm), the price will be plus
2. There is have BGA board face, so cost will be relatively rise, in some places is another calculate how much money a BGA
3. Want to see what is surface treatment technology, we have: common spray pewter (hot air leveling), OSP (environmental protection), pure tin, tin, silver, gold and so on, and surface process is different, of course, the price also will be different.
4. Also look at technology standards; We commonly used is: IPC2 level, but have customer requirements will be higher, (such as Japanese) we have: common IPC2, IPC3, enterprise standard, the standard and so on, of course, the higher standard, the price will be higher.
PCB industry to sell every piece of PCB is customized, therefore, PCB offer need to cost accounting, at the same time also need to refer to the PCB automatic computer puzzle, in standard size layout on the sheet of material utilization to make comprehensive quotation.
PCB industry costing is the most special and most complicated in all industries, from forming, cutting, pressure plate, until the FQC, packaging, complete inventory, need according to each process in the material cost, labor cost, manufacturing cost for accounting step by step, such as partial accumulative total cost according to order product number again. And the different types of products, the process of standard rate will be different. For some products such as blind hole buried plate, heavy gold plate, copper plate, because of the particularity of its technology or all of the material, the request must take some special calculation method. By the same token, the bit used in drilling process size will also affect the cost of the product, which directly affect the WIP cost and scrap cost calculation and evaluation.
In addition, the PCB factory is belong to OEM customers OEM products, different customers customized products are not the same, there are few domestic products. On the other hand, out of respect for the quality, part of the customers may also be specified using one vendor base board, or printing ink, etc., in order to achieve the requirements of the quality and cost control.
About PCBway
Since 2003 PCBWAY has been the leading PCB quick turn manufacturer specializing in both Prototype and Production quantities, Initially produced single-sided and double-sided printed circuit boards for the consumer electronics market. PCBWAY is ranked among the top 4 board fabricators in asia and is well-known for its expedited turn time capabilities and its reliable best on-time shipping record.
Today, we have over 450 operators with high modern facilities to manufacture multi-layer PCB up to 12 layers. Backing up with a group of professional engineers, and well established quality system. PCBWay has grown to become a major PCB manufacturer in Asia to serve in diverse customers base such as electronics appliance, communication, educational electronics, power supplies, Automationsetc.
Our mission is to become one of leading PCB manufacturer that provide in high quality product with total customer satisfaction.
For more information about PCB, or to learn more about the online quote and ordering process, please visit //www.PCBway.com.
