Intro

In my hand is a 4-Digit 7-Segment display module.

The heart of this module is an inexpensive Serial LED Driver from Titan Micro Electronics called the TM1637.

In this tutorial, I am going to show you guys how to control the TM1637 4-Digit 7-Segment displays using an Arduino. If you want to displays sensor data, temperature and humidity, or want to design a clock, timer or counter, you will need this 4-Digit Seven-Segment Display.

Topics Covered

In this tutorial we are going to talk about:

• The Basics of a 7-Segment Display 
• Hardware Overview and Pinout of The TM1637 Module
• TM1637 Library Installation
• Interfacing TM1637 Module with an Arduino
• Loading The Basic Arduino Code (that comes with the TM1637 library)

Then we will have a look at some of these quick examples:

• Example 1: Displaying String and a Number
• Example 2: Displaying Scrolling and Blinking Text
• Example 3: Creating a 4 Digit Counter
• Example 4: Displaying Temperature & Humidity using DHT11/DHT22
• Example 5: Creating an Arduino Based Digital Clock

And finally we will have a look at some common errors.

7-Segment Display Basics

A 7-Segment Displays consists of 7 LEDs making the shape of decimal number 8. These LEDs are called segments, because when they light up, each segments contributes in the formation of part of a decimal or hex digit.

These individual segments are labeled from ‘a’ to ‘g’ representing each individual LED. By setting a particular segment HIGH or LOW, a desired character pattern can be generated.

Hardware Overview and Pinout of TM1637 Module

The module comes with 4 right angle male pin headers. I find it a bit annoying to have the pin headers on the top side of the board. However, you can always unsolder and put them at the bottom of the board.

Now lets have a look at the GPIO pins:

• CLK - is the clock input pin. You can connect it to any digital pin of an Arduino.
• DIO - is the Data I/O pin. This can also connect to any digital pin of an Arduino.
• VCC - Connects to 3.3V to 5V power supply.
• GND - is the ground pin.

CLK and DIO pins can be connected to any digital pin of an Arduino. This gives us an opportunity to hook up a lot of these modules to an Arduino, as long as each instance has a pin pair of its own. When writing the code, we just need to specify the pin pair and then just go ahead and use them in your project.

If you run out of pins on your Arduino board you can use a GPIO Pin Extenders like the PCF8574. Please check out my tutorial on the Extender module, the link is in the description below.

PCF8574 GPIO Extender: https://diyfactory007.blogspot.com/2018/12/pcf8574-gpio-extender-with-arduino-and.html

The module has 4 x 0.36 segment 7-Segment Displays and a ‘colon’ at the center for creating clock or time-based projects.

A bare four digit 7-Segment Displays usually requires 12 connection pins but the TM1637 LED Driver removes the need of the extra wiring for the 7-Segments and the entire setup can be controlled just by using 2 wires (DIO and CLK) and two more for power reducing the total wires to 4.

These modules communicate with the processor using "I2C-like protocol". The implementation is pure software emulation and doesn't make use of any special hardware (other than GPIO pins).

The module operates between 3.3v to 5v with a current consumption of 80ma and allows adjusting the brightness of the LEDs at the software level. They are available in few different colors.

TM1637 Library Installation

There are many libraries available for the TM1637 module. For this tutorial, we are going to use the "TM1637Display Library" written by "Avishay Orpaz". You can download the library using the library manager or from Github, the link is in the description below.

To install the library using "Library Manager", navigate to Sketch > Include Library > Manage Libraries… 

Search for "TM1637" and look for the one by "Avishay Orpaz". Hit the "Install" button to install the library on your device.

TM1637Display Library: Download

Interfacing TM1637 Module with an Arduino

Hooking up the TM1637 module to an Arduino is very easy. 

You just need to connect four wires: 2 for power and other 2 for controlling the display.

You can connect the VCC of the module to either 3.3v or 5v pin of the Arduino.

So, connect:

• CLK - Pin 2 of Arduino
• DIO - Pin 3 of Arduino
• VCC - 5V  of Arduino
• GND - GND  of Arduino

As previously advised, you can use any pin combination for the CLK and DIO on the Arduino board. Just make sure you change the pin numbers in the code to reflect the change of wiring.

So far, based on my experience I have only found one disadvantage.

This module is unable to display floating points or dots between numbers. However, you can use the "HT16K33 module" for displaying floating points.

Loading The TM1637Test Example

Before going ahead, lets have a look at the example that comes with the TM1637 Library.

Navigate to File > Examples > TM1637 and load the "TM1637Test" example.

The sketch starts by including the "TM1637Display.h" library.

Then it defines the CLK and the DIO pins that will be used to connect the TM1637 display.

In this example Pin-2 of Arduino is used for CLK and Pin-3 for DIO.

	#include <TM1637Display.h>
	#define CLK 2
	#define DIO 3

Next, you need to create a new instance of the "TM1637Display" class by passing the CLK and the DIO Pin values to it.

	TM1637Display display(CLK, DIO);

Then, the code shows us 2 ways of displaying data on the individual segments by creating arrays of texts.

a. 1st by passing "hexadecimal numbers" to the individual displays

		uint8_t data[] = {0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff};

Passing "0xff" to all the 4 displays will turn them all ON, and passing "0x00" will turn them all OFF.

Using the "display.encodeDigit()" function you can display digits between 1 and 15.

		data[0]= display.encodeDigit(15); // This will display F___ on the display [0b01110001 = F]
		display.setSegments(data);

This will display F___ on the display.

b. 2nd by individually specifying the segments that you want to turn on.

The below creates an array that sets the individual segments values and displays "dOnE" on the display.

uint8_t done[] = {
		 SEG_B | SEG_C | SEG_D | SEG_E | SEG_G,      // d
		 SEG_A | SEG_B | SEG_C | SEG_D | SEG_E | SEG_F,  // O
		 SEG_C | SEG_E | SEG_G,              // n
		 SEG_A | SEG_D | SEG_E | SEG_F | SEG_G      // E
		};

Now, to display these arrays, you need to pass them to the "display.setSegments()" function.

    display.setSegments(data); // Will turn off all LEDs
	display.setSegments(done); // Will display "dOnE"

The setSegments function accepts 3 arguments 

setSegments(data[], length, position);

Data   = The data to display

Length  = number of digits to be updated (0–4). Ex. for "dOnE", it will be 4, for the "°C" it will be 2. 

Position = determines the position from which you want to print (0-leftmost, 3-rightmost).

Remember, the LEDs once turned on stays on until they are turned off. So, you always have to clear the previous value before displaying the new one. This can be done by passing 4 lots of 0xffto the "display.setSegments()" function or by using "display.clear()" function.

    uint8_t data[] = {0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff};
	display.setSegments(data);

The brightness of the display can be adjusted using the "setBrightness()" function. The function accepts values between 0 (lowest) to 7 (highest).

display.setBrightness(3); // Sets the brightness level to 3

The "display.showNumberDec()" function is the function that you are going to use the most to display numbers on the module. The first argument is a number that you want to display on the screen. The rest of the arguments are all optional.

Syntax: 

showNumberDec(number, leading_zeros, length, position);

Number    = The number that you want to display on the screen. Values up to 9999 (type integer).

Leading_Zeros = True/false. Setting it to True will add leading zeroes. Default value is false.

Length    = number of digits to be updated (0–4). Ex. for "dOnE", it will be 4, for the "°C" it will be 2. 

Position   = determines the position from which you want to print (0-leftmost, 3-rightmost).

Example:

        display.showNumberDec(1,false)  // Displays ___1

display.showNumberDec(1,false,1,0) // Displays 1___

display.showNumberDec(1,false,1,2)  // Displays __1_

display.showNumberDec(10,false,2,0) // Displays 10__

Template

For the rest of the examples, I am going to use this template to write the code.

I will only show you guys the bit which is different in each code.

Example 1: Displaying Strings and Numbers

In this example you can see letter "TEST" and a randomly generated number is alternating and getting displayed on the screen.

To display the letter TEST, I am first clearing the screen and then lighting up the individual segments to display the characters.

To display a number, I am first generating a random number between 0 and 9999 and then displaying it using the "display.showNumberDec()" function.

Example1: Download

Example 2: Displaying Scrolling and Blinking Text

Now, to display a scrolling text, I am incrementing the position of the text by 1 and then displaying it from the new position. You need to pad the display with any character or it will end up showing random characters on the display.

Blinking a text is super easy. All you have to do is display the text, add a delay, clear the screen and then again add a delay before displaying the text again.

Example2: Download

Example 3: Creating a 4 Digit Counter

To display a counter, I am looping from 0 to 9999 and displaying the incremented value every time on the 7-Segments.

You can also add a push button switch to start and stop the counter.

Example3: Download

Example 4: Displaying Temperature & Humidity using DHT11/DHT22

Connect the OUT pin of the DHT11/DHT22 sensor to Pin-5 of the Arduino.

Then in the code include the "DHT.h" library and define the DHTPIN and the DHTTYPE.

Next, create a DHT object and in the setup section initialize the DHT sensor using the "dht.begin()" function.

Next in the loop section read the sensor data using the "dht.readTemperature()" function and display it on the 7-Segments.

Example4: Download

Example 5: Creating an Arduino Based Digital Clock

You can also create an alarm clock using either the DS3231 or DS1302 RTC Module and display the data using this TM1637 module. 

I will cover that in full details in my next video. 

Common Errors

Now lets have a look at some off the common errors:

Display showing parts of the previous data.

You always have to clear the previous value before displaying the new one.

You can either use:

display.clear();

or

	uint8_t data[] = {0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff};
	display.setSegments(data);

Display data going out of the display or showing partially

Check the positioning of the display data.

	setSegments(data[], length, position);

These are few of the issues that I came across while playing around with these displays.

Do comment and let me know if you have any more to add to the list.

Thanks

Thanks again for checking my post. I hope it helps you.

If you want to support me subscribe to my YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/tarantula3

Links: 

• Video: Video Link https://youtu.be/Ob9mrq_Lj9k
• Full Blog Post: Blog Post 
• Datasheet: Download
• Schema: Download
• TM1637Display Library: Download
• Thingiverse : Download
• PCF8574 GPIO Extender: Blog Post

Code:

• Example1: Download
• Example2: Download
• Example3: Download
• Example4: Download
• TM1637Test: Download
• Template: Download

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