Bolaños Hernando
COLOMBIA • + Follow
Components
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Arduino_UNO_R3 |
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CNC shield |
x 1 | |
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A4988 STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER CARRIER BLACKPololu
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x 4 | |
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stepper motor nema 17 |
x 4 | |
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HC05 Bluetooth |
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Lipo Battery 11, 1 V 3000mAH |
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Tools, APP Software Used etc.
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Arduino Web Editor |
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MIT App InventorMIT
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Description
How to build a Mecanum Wheels Robot_V1
The story
How to bulild a Robot usually is an assay and error process, you can see my first prototype in the next two videos.
I am follower of "how to mechatronics " and this is my version and my experience replicating a similar project.
Changes were:
- I bought mecanum wheels from a chinese vendor
- I implemented CNSshield for arduino instead a PCB
- I add ESD button and different Power ON switch
- In the near future I will implement Computer Vision to use this robot in a Wheelchair to play tennis
- MDF thickness is 5 mm -More ligtht
The app was adapted in MIT app inventor from the ideas, and code of Dejan- Author of "How to mechatronics".
Once this prototypes was built in the test were detected a big conceptual issue this do not comply with:
The rotation axis of each wheel’s top roller should point to the center of the robot.
Even apparently all the features was working well, the side away had problem and the audible noise of the robot was high
In this tutorial we will show how to built the the first prototype :
Future improvements to make in Version 2:
- Frame extended MDF - paint and 45 grades acomplishment
- PCB fabricatd and ordered from PCB way no cnc shield
- Weight Tests
- Computer Vision extension
- Routines and navigation tests
- ON/FF Swithc
- ESD Buttom
- Battery monitoring LED
- Arduno MEGA 2560 controller
Hardware electronics
CNC SHIELD:
HC-05: Bluetooth module:
Stepper motors Nema 17: 4
Batteries:
Lipo: 11.1 for the motor power source for the cncshield
Li Ion: 12 V for the electonics
Schematics
Source: How to mechatronics (https://howtomechatronics.com/projects/arduino-robot-arm-and-mecanum-wheels-platform-automatic-operation/)
- Software
Arduino
APP MIT APP Inventor
Computer Vision Tests - work in progress
Code
Arduino Porgram-Credits to How to mechatronics-MInimun adaptations to work with a CNCshield
Arduino
/*
=== Arduino Mecanum Wheels Robot ===
Smartphone control via Bluetooth
by Dejan, www.HowToMechatronics.com
Libraries:
RF24, https://github.com/tmrh20/RF24/
AccelStepper by Mike McCauley: http://www.airspayce.com/mikem/arduino/AccelStepper/index.html
Minimun adaptation to work with a CNCshield for Arduino UNO-
Be aware about the speed of the BTH module you can get crazy trying to solve a easy issue.
*/
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <AccelStepper.h>
SoftwareSerial Bluetooth(A0, 11); // Arduino(RX, TX) - HC-05 Bluetooth (TX, RX)
// Define the stepper motors and the pins the will use
AccelStepper LeftBackWheel(1, 4, 7); // (Type:driver, STEP, DIR) - Stepper1
AccelStepper LeftFrontWheel(1, 2, 5); // Stepper2
AccelStepper RightBackWheel(1, 12, 13); // Stepper3
AccelStepper RightFrontWheel(1, 3, 6); // Stepper4
#define led 10
int wheelSpeed = 1500;
int dataIn, m;
int lbw[50], lfw[50], rbw[50], rfw[50]; // for storing positions/steps
int index = 0;
void setup() {
// Set initial seed values for the steppers
LeftFrontWheel.setMaxSpeed(3000);
LeftBackWheel.setMaxSpeed(3000);
RightFrontWheel.setMaxSpeed(3000);
RightBackWheel.setMaxSpeed(3000);
Serial.begin(9600);
Bluetooth.begin(9600); // Default baud rate of the Bluetooth module
Bluetooth.setTimeout(1);
delay(20);
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// Check for incoming data
if (Bluetooth.available() > 0) {
dataIn = Bluetooth.read(); // Read the data
if (dataIn == 0) {
m = 0;
}
if (dataIn == 1) {
m = 1;
}
if (dataIn == 2) {
m = 2;
}
if (dataIn == 3) {
m = 3;
}
if (dataIn == 4) {
m = 4;
}
if (dataIn == 5) {
m = 5;
}
if (dataIn == 6) {
m = 6;
}
if (dataIn == 7) {
m = 7;
}
if (dataIn == 8) {
m = 8;
}
if (dataIn == 9) {
m = 9;
}
if (dataIn == 10) {
m = 10;
}
if (dataIn == 11) {
m = 11;
}
if (dataIn == 12) {
m = 12;
}
if (dataIn == 14) {
m = 14;
}
// Set speed
if (dataIn >= 16) {
wheelSpeed = dataIn * 10;
Serial.println(wheelSpeed);
}
}
if (m == 4) {
moveSidewaysLeft();
}
if (m == 5) {
moveSidewaysRight();
}
if (m == 2) {
moveForward();
}
if (m == 7) {
moveBackward();
}
if (m == 3) {
moveRightForward();
}
if (m == 1) {
moveLeftForward();
}
if (m == 8) {
moveRightBackward();
}
if (m == 6) {
moveLeftBackward();
}
if (m == 9) {
rotateLeft();
}
if (m == 10) {
rotateRight();
}
if (m == 0) {
stopMoving();
}
//Serial.println(dataIn);
// If button "SAVE" is pressed
if (m == 12) {
if (index == 0) {
LeftBackWheel.setCurrentPosition(0);
LeftFrontWheel.setCurrentPosition(0);
RightBackWheel.setCurrentPosition(0);
RightFrontWheel.setCurrentPosition(0);
}
lbw[index] = LeftBackWheel.currentPosition(); // save position into the array
lfw[index] = LeftFrontWheel.currentPosition();
rbw[index] = RightBackWheel.currentPosition();
rfw[index] = RightFrontWheel.currentPosition();
index++; // Increase the array index
m = 0;
}
if (m == 14) {
runSteps();
if (dataIn != 14) {
stopMoving();
memset(lbw, 0, sizeof(lbw)); // Clear the array data to 0
memset(lfw, 0, sizeof(lfw));
memset(rbw, 0, sizeof(rbw));
memset(rfw, 0, sizeof(rfw));
index = 0; // Index to 0
}
}
LeftFrontWheel.runSpeed();
LeftBackWheel.runSpeed();
RightFrontWheel.runSpeed();
RightBackWheel.runSpeed();
// Monitor the battery voltage
int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.00) * 3; // Convert the reading values from 5v to suitable 12V i
//Serial.println(voltage);
// If voltage is below 11V turn on the LED
if (voltage < 11) {
digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
}
else {
digitalWrite(led, LOW);
}
}
void runSteps() {
for (int i = index - 1; i >= 0; i--) { // Run through all steps(index)
LeftFrontWheel.moveTo(lfw[i]);
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
LeftBackWheel.moveTo(lbw[i]);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightFrontWheel.moveTo(rfw[i]);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightBackWheel.moveTo(rbw[i]);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
while (LeftBackWheel.currentPosition() != lbw[i] & LeftFrontWheel.currentPosition() != lfw[i] & RightFrontWheel.currentPosition() != rfw[i] & RightBackWheel.currentPosition() != rbw[i]) {
LeftFrontWheel.runSpeedToPosition();
LeftBackWheel.runSpeedToPosition();
RightFrontWheel.runSpeedToPosition();
RightBackWheel.runSpeedToPosition();
if (Bluetooth.available() > 0) { // Check for incomding data
dataIn = Bluetooth.read();
if ( dataIn == 15) { // If button "PAUSE" is pressed
while (dataIn != 14) { // Wait until "RUN" is pressed again
if (Bluetooth.available() > 0) {
dataIn = Bluetooth.read();
if ( dataIn == 13) {
stopMoving();
break;
}
}
}
}
if (dataIn >= 16) {
wheelSpeed = dataIn * 10;
dataIn = 14;
}
if ( dataIn == 13) {
break;
}
}
}
}
// Go back through steps
for (int i = 1; i <= index - 1; i++) { // Run through all steps(index)
LeftFrontWheel.moveTo(lfw[i]);
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
LeftBackWheel.moveTo(lbw[i]);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightFrontWheel.moveTo(rfw[i]);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightBackWheel.moveTo(rbw[i]);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
while (LeftBackWheel.currentPosition() != lbw[i]& LeftFrontWheel.currentPosition() != lfw[i] & RightFrontWheel.currentPosition() != rfw[i] & RightBackWheel.currentPosition() != rbw[i]) {
LeftFrontWheel.runSpeedToPosition();
LeftBackWheel.runSpeedToPosition();
RightFrontWheel.runSpeedToPosition();
RightBackWheel.runSpeedToPosition();
//Serial.print(" current: ");
//Serial.println(LeftBackWheel.currentPosition());
if (Bluetooth.available() > 0) { // Check for incomding data
dataIn = Bluetooth.read();
if ( dataIn == 15) { // If button "PAUSE" is pressed
while (dataIn != 14) { // Wait until "RUN" is pressed again
if (Bluetooth.available() > 0) {
dataIn = Bluetooth.read();
if ( dataIn == 13) {
stopMoving();
break;
}
}
}
}
if (dataIn >= 16) {
wheelSpeed = dataIn * 10;
dataIn = 14;
}
if ( dataIn == 13) {
//Serial.println("DEKI");
break;
}
}
}
}
}
void moveForward() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
}
void moveBackward() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
}
void moveSidewaysRight() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
}
void moveSidewaysLeft() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
}
void rotateLeft() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
}
void rotateRight() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
}
void moveRightForward() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(0);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(0);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
}
void moveRightBackward() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(0);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(0);
}
void moveLeftForward() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(0);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(wheelSpeed);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(0);
}
void moveLeftBackward() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(0);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(0);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(-wheelSpeed);
}
void stopMoving() {
LeftFrontWheel.setSpeed(0);
LeftBackWheel.setSpeed(0);
RightFrontWheel.setSpeed(0);
RightBackWheel.setSpeed(0);
}
Schematic and Layout
Schematis-Credits How To Mechatronics
Screen Shot 2023-11-03 at 6.26.17 PM.png
Nov 04,2023
266 views
How to build a Mecanum Wheels Robot_V1
Mecanum Wheel Robot have a lot of applications. This is controlled by an APP (developed with MIT APP Inventor) linked with bluetooth HC-05
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Published: Nov 04,2023
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